This generalizes to all forms of intelligence: those who are afraid of the feeling of stupidity and ignorance get stuck and don't move past it. I can't count the number of deeply intelligent people I've known who short-circuit their thinking and learning processes due to this fear.
It's not a self-esteem issue; it equally affects those who see themselves as smart, and those who don't. It's an issue of tolerating discomfort and confusion long enough to get to the other side. I'm not sure how exactly one teaches that.
Small children are relentless and courageous and highly tolerant of discomfort -- falling down 20 times does not intimidate them when learning to walk. They get tired, shrug and try again later. They pause their learning process temporarily but there are no negative emotions there, while the thrill of attempting something new is still kindling.
I'd prefer empirical data, but before that's available (to the discussion, at least) I'd guess one teaches that by giving opportunities to practice and reassurance that it's normal.
It's not a self-esteem issue; it equally affects those who see themselves as smart, and those who don't. It's an issue of tolerating discomfort and confusion long enough to get to the other side. I'm not sure how exactly one teaches that.