Normalizing data doesn't fix the issue in the UC Berkeley case, because you still have to pick what to normalize over: do you normalize over the entire university, or separately over each department?
The answer to questions like that can't be found in the data. You have to go look at how the university admission process actually works, and what roles the university vs. the individual departments play in it.
The answer to questions like that can't be found in the data. You have to go look at how the university admission process actually works, and what roles the university vs. the individual departments play in it.