It looks like they were just connecting to a private IRC server directly from their own machines. It is possible to remain reasonably anonymous online, but only if you take certain precautions.
Manning is a totally different story that doesn't even fall the same branch of law. Plus state security in the US is somewhat touchy I hear. They're kids, they're gonna be all-right.
It appears some of them aren't kids, and from what we have seen computer crime is taken seriously when it is done against the government or popular things (Sarah Palin's email password reset and leak got the guy 1 year).