Thanks for bringing up these points as they are some of the biggest barriers to developing a modern payments system. The technical issues are complex but the legal and regulatory ones are even more complex.
Shameless plug, we are working on Interledger[1]. Which is designed to be an open-clearing system based on packetised payments. It works really well for low value, low-friction payments. Our initial use-case is targeting web monetisation which doesn't work on existing payment rails due to the costs.
Part of the work coming up this year will to be going after the retail payments space and I think the challenges you mentioned are definitely going to be the ones we are going to have to solve next.
Shameless plug, we are working on Interledger[1]. Which is designed to be an open-clearing system based on packetised payments. It works really well for low value, low-friction payments. Our initial use-case is targeting web monetisation which doesn't work on existing payment rails due to the costs.
Part of the work coming up this year will to be going after the retail payments space and I think the challenges you mentioned are definitely going to be the ones we are going to have to solve next.
1. www.interledger.org