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The number one hard working concept in Haskell is parameterisation. A typical Haskell concept is just a concept, not a Haskell concept.

That map doesn't seem to include the trees in actual parks. Somewhere like Hampstead Heath or Richmond Park has actual woods.


That's awesome. Though, it doesn't seem to think Hampstead Heath has any trees. Nor Croydon, not even Thornton Heath. The Wilderness in Richmond Park seems to be a missing spot, as are some of the plantations (maybe Isabella Plantation, my map fu is failing me). Maybe the royal parks keep their own records?


Citation needed.


STM isn't really used in Go like it is in Haskell.

Here's the example from a Go STM package that's based on Haskell STM. It has gotchas that you won't encounter in Haskell though, due to the nature of these languages.

https://github.com/anacrolix/stm/blob/master/cmd/santa-examp...

For the equivalent Haskell, check out the link at the top of the file.


It's very good. And quite short!


XSLT's matching rules allow a 'push' style of transform that's really neat. But you can actually do that with any programming language such as Javascript.


I used to use XSLT a lot, though it was a while ago.

You can use Javascript to get the same effect and, indeed, write your transforms in much the same style as XSLT. Javascript has xpath (still). You have a choice of template language but JSX is common and convenient. A function for applying XSLT-style matching rules for an XSLT push style of transform is only a few lines of code.

Do you have a particular example where you think Javascript might be more verbose than XSLT?


The term 'variable' is from mathematics. As others have said, the values of variables do vary but they do not mutate.


Yes, and math has the notion of "free variable" and "bound variable" [1].

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_variables_and_bound_varia...


They are often called bindings, not variables, so as to make it clear that they are just a name for a thing that will not change.


One way to get some intuition with FCIS is to write some Haskell.

Because Haskell programs pretty much have to be FCIS or they won't compile.

How it plays out is...

1. A Haskell program executes side effects (known as `IO` in Haskell). The type of the `main` program is `IO ()`, meaning it does some IO and doesn't return a value - a program is not a function

2. A Haskell program (code with type `IO`) can call functions. But since functions are pure in Haskell, they can't call code in `IO`.

3. This doesn't actually restrict what you can do but it does influence how you write your code. There are a variety of patterns that weren't well understood until the 1990s or later that enable it. For example, a pure Haskell function can calculate an effectful program to execute. Or it can map a pure function in a side-effecting context. Or it can pipe pure values to a side-effecting stream.


I used to write lots of haskell before deciding it didn't meet my needs. However, the experience provided lots of long-term benefits, including a FCIS design mindset.

Recently, I did a major python refactoring project, converting a prototype/hack/experiment into a production-quality system. The prototype heavily intermixed IO and app logic, and I needed to write unit tests for the production system. Even with fixtures and mocking, unit testing was painful and laborious, so our test coverage was lousy.

Partitioning the core classes into pure and impure components was the big win. Unit testing became trivial and we caught lots of bugs in the original business logic. More recently, we changed the IO from files to a DB and having encapsulated the IO was also a win.


May I ask you how you model your functional code in Python, in absence of Haskell's algebraic data types?


Full algebraic data types wouldn't have added much here. Product types are already everywhere, and we didn't need sum or exponential types.

Splitting IO and pure code was just routine refactoring, not a full redesign. Our app logic wasn't strictly pure because it generates pseudorandom numbers and logs events, but practically speaking, splitting the IO and shell from the relatively pure app logic made for much cleaner code.

In retrospect, I consider FCIS a good practice that I first learned with Haskell. It's valuable elsewhere, even when used in a less formal way than Haskell mandates.


I agree with the suggestion to study Haskell, I like Haskell quite a lot (although I don't write applications in it).


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